Estimating bee abundance: can mark-recapture methods validate common sampling protocols?

Abstract Wild bees can be essential pollinators in natural, agricultural, and urban systems, but populations of some species have declined. Efforts to assess the status wild are hindered by uncertainty common sampling methods, such as pan traps aerial netting, which may or not provide a valid index abundance across habitats. Mark-recapture methods effective means estimating population size, widely used vertebrates rarely applied bees. Here we review existing mark-recapture studies present new case study comparing estimates trap net capture for four taxa bee community. Net, trap, was correlated with sites taxa. Logistical limitations ensure that will fully replace other they do feasible way monitor selected measure performance methods.